Romanization convention

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  (拗音)
a(あ) i(い) u(う) e(え) o(お)  
ka(か) ki(き) ku(く) ke(け) ko(こ) kya(きゃ) kyu(きゅ) kyo(きょ)
sa(さ) shi(し) su(す) se(せ) so(そ) sha(しゃ) shu(しゅ) sho(しょ)
ta(た) chi(ち) tsu(つ) te(て) to(と) cha(ちゃ) chu(ちゅ) cho(ちょ)
na(な) ni(に) nu(ぬ) ne(ね) no(の) nya(にゃ) nyu(にゅ) nyo(にょ)
ha(は) hi(ひ) fu(ふ) he(へ) ho(ほ) hya(ひゃ) hyu(ひゅ) hyo(ひょ)
ma(ま) mi(み) mu(む) me(め) mo(も) mya(みゃ) myu(みゅ) myo(みょ)
ya(や) yu(ゆ) yo(よ)  
ra(ら) ri(り) ru(る) re(れ) ro(ろ) rya(りゃ) ryu(りゅ) ryo(りょ)
wa(わ) (wi)(うぃ)   (we)(うぇ) o(を)  
n(ん)
ga(が) gi(ぎ) gu(ぐ) ge(げ) go(ご) gya(ぎゃ) gyu(ぎゅ) gyo(ぎょ)
za(ざ) ji(じ) zu(ず) ze(ぜ) zo(ぞ) ja(じゃ) ju(じゅ) jo(じょ)
da(だ) (ji)(ぢ) (zu)(づ) de(で) do(ど) (ja)(ぢゃ) (ju)(ぢゅ) (jo)(ぢょ)
ba(ば) bi(び) bu(ぶ) be(べ) bo(ぼ) bya(びゃ) byu(びゅ) byo(びょ)
pa(ぱ) pi(ぴ) pu(ぷ) pe(ぺ) po(ぽ) pya(ぴゃ) pyu(ぴゅ) pyo(ぴょ)


  • Avoiding confusions
信金(しんきん)→ Shinkin
信用(しんよう)→ Shin'yo
  • Non-Japanese pronunciations
ディー → di
ティ  → ti
トゥー → tu
ファ  → fa
フェ  → fe
フォ  → fo
ヴィ  → vi
  • Lengthened vowels
Although a diacritic (Macron) is used for lengthened vowels in Hepburn romanization system (e.g., ā (あー), ē (えー), ī(いー), ō(おー), ū(うー)), Shashi Wiki omits the macrons for the convenience of searching.
  • Double vowels
Some Japanese names use double/same vowels (e.g., 大阪(おおさか)), and usually a macron is used (Ōsaka) rather than writing two vowels (Oosaka*). Macrons are, however, omitted in Shashi Wiki (Osaka).
Sokuon (促音, See Moraic obstruent)is written as "っ", not the larger "つ" (tsu), and written by doubling the following consonant. (e.g., 鉄鋼(てっこう)→ tekko; 学校(がっこう)→ gakko)
  • Contradiction between what is pronounced and what is written
Some Japanese words are written differently from what is said. For example, the final vowel う(u) in 学校(がっこう)is merged with the previous vowel お (o) (i.e., こ = k+o), and がっこう is written as "gakko," not "gakkou." Other examples are 東京(とうきょう)→ Tokyo; 協会(きょうかい)→ kyokai; 理工(りこう)→ riko; 神宮(じんぐう)→ jingu, etc.
However, be careful not to apply this rule to everything. For example, 明治(めいじ)is written "Meiji", not "Meeji" or "Meji"; 大成(たいせい)→ Taisei, etc.